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Juniper JN0-106 Exam Syllabus Topics:
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NEW QUESTION # 44
How many rescue configuration files are supported on a Junos device?
- A. 0
- B. 1
- C. 2
- D. 3
Answer: D
Explanation:
Junos OS supports only 1 rescue configuration file on a device. This rescue configuration is a safeguard feature that allows network administrators to revert to a known good configuration in case of a configuration error or issue, ensuring network stability.
NEW QUESTION # 45
Which statement describes the purpose of configuring traceoption log files in Junos OS?
- A. The traceoption log files automatically optimize routing decisions based on traffic patterns.
- B. The traceoption log files provide real-time monitoring of interface bandwidth utilization.
- C. The traceoption log files enable detailed debugging of specific protocols or processes.
- D. The traceoption log files allow permanent storage of all system logs for compliance purposes.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Traceoptions represent an essential diagnostic facility within Junos OS, primarily used by network engineers for deep-level troubleshooting and protocol analysis. The fundamental purpose of configuring traceoption log files is to enable detailed debugging of specific protocols-such as BGP, OSPF, or IS-IS-or specific system processes like the Routing Protocol Process (rpd). When enabled, the system captures detailed information about the internal operations of the protocol, including the exchange of packets, state machine transitions, and error conditions, writing this data to a dedicated file in the /var/log directory.
Unlike standard system logging (syslog), which captures high-level events and warnings, traceoptions provide a granular, " behind-the-scenes " view of how a protocol is interacting with its neighbors. This is particularly useful for identifying the root cause of complex adjacency issues or route instability that standard show commands may not reveal. However, because tracing can be resource-intensive, it is typically configured with specific flags to limit the output to relevant events and is disabled once the troubleshooting task is complete.
Traceoptions do not serve to optimize routing automatically , nor are they intended for permanent compliance storage or simple bandwidth monitoring. Instead, they remain the premier tool for clinical debugging and protocol verification within the Junos environment. Reference: Operational Monitoring and Maintenance, Troubleshooting Tools and Traceoptions.
NEW QUESTION # 46
Which statement about the Junos OS forwarding table is correct?
- A. The forwarding table is derived from the active routes selected in the routing table.
- B. The forwarding table exists only on devices running BGP.
- C. The forwarding table contains all learned routes, including inactive ones.
- D. The forwarding table is manually configured by the administrator.
Answer: A
Explanation:
The forwarding table (used by the Packet Forwarding Engine) is populated with the best, active routes selected from the routing table, which is used for actual packet forwarding decisions.
NEW QUESTION # 47 
Referring to the exhibit, you are configuring a Junos router to provide connectivity to a building across town on the network 10.10.10.0/24. The next-hop router is at 10.10.1.1, which is reachable using interface ge-0/0/1.
After committing the configuration in the exhibit, users report they still cannot reach the 10.10.10.0/24 network, and the route does not appear as active in the routing table. In this scenario, which statement is correct?
- A. The static route requires a preference value to be specified or it will not install.
- B. The next-hop address 10.1.1.1 is not directly connected or reachable through another route.
- C. The static route requires the retain keyword to remain active in the routing table.
- D. Static routes must include the outgoing interface as the next hop.
Answer: B
Explanation:
In Junos OS, the Routing Engine (RE) performs a validation check on every entry in the Routing Information Base (RIB). For a static route to be considered valid and transition to an active state in the inet.0 table, its designated next hop must be resolvable . A next-hop address is resolvable only if the router has an existing route (typically a directly connected route) to that specific IP address.
According to the exhibit, the static route for 10.10.10.0/24 has been configured with a next hop of 10.1.1.1 .
However, the scenario states that the actual gateway router is located at 10.10.1.1 . If the local interface (ge-0
/0/1) is configured with an IP in the 10.10.1.0/x subnet, the router will have a direct route to 10.10.1.1, but it will likely have no path to the 10.1.1.1 address provided in the exhibit.
Because the router cannot resolve the next hop 10.1.1.1 , the static route is placed in an " inactive " or " hidden " state. It will not be installed in the forwarding table pushed to the Packet Forwarding Engine (PFE), and standard show route commands will not display it unless specific flags like hidden or all are used. This logic ensures that the router does not attempt to forward packets into a " black hole " where the gateway is logically unreachable. To fix this, the administrator must modify the configuration to point to the correct, reachable next-hop address of 10.10.1.1.
Reference: Routing Fundamentals, Static Route Resolution, and Troubleshooting Routing Tables.
NEW QUESTION # 48
Which command is used to view real-time traffic statistics for all interfaces?
- A. show interfaces statistics
- B. monitor traffic interface all
- C. show interfaces extensive
- D. monitor interface traffic
Answer: D
Explanation:
In Junos OS, there is a distinct difference between show commands and monitor commands. While show commands provide a static snapshot of the current state of the device or its interfaces at the moment the command is executed, monitor commands provide dynamic, real-time updates. To view live traffic statistics across all physical and logical interfaces, the correct command is monitor interface traffic.
When this command is executed, the CLI enters an interactive text-based interface (TUI) that displays a list of interfaces along with their input and output rates in bits per second (bps) and packets per second (pps). The display refreshes automatically (usually every few seconds), allowing an administrator to observe traffic spikes or drops as they occur without manually re-running a command. This is an invaluable tool for troubleshooting congestion or verifying that traffic is flowing as expected after a configuration change.
Commands like show interfaces extensive provide significantly more detail-including error counters and physical layer parameters-but they are not real-time and require manual execution to update the statistics.
The monitor interface traffic command simplifies the view to focus specifically on throughput metrics across the entire device. Reference: Operational Monitoring and Maintenance, Interface Monitoring, Real-time Statistics.
NEW QUESTION # 49
Which Junos OS component is responsible for maintaining the forwarding table?
- A. Packet Forwarding Engine
- B. Routing Engine
- C. management daemon
- D. chassis control daemon
Answer: B
Explanation:
The Routing Engine (RE) is responsible for maintaining the routing table and the forwarding table.
It runs the routing protocols, computes the best paths, and updates the routing table accordingly.
The routing table information is then used to populate the forwarding table, which is provided to the Packet Forwarding Engine (PFE) to make packet-forwarding decisions.
NEW QUESTION # 50
Referring to the exhibit, which routing configuration is required for these two users to access the remote server?
- A. Users and the server require a default gateway.
- B. Trunk ports must be enabled on the switch.
- C. A routing protocol must be enabled on the router.
- D. Users must connect directly to the router.
Answer: A
Explanation:
In a typical network configuration, users and servers require a default gateway to communicate with devices on different networks or subnets. The default gateway is usually the router's interface on the same network, which routes the traffic to other networks. This is essential for the two users to access the remote server if the server is on a different subnet, which is indicated by the different network addresses.
NEW QUESTION # 51
Which two statements describe characteristics of Junos OS zones on an SRX device? (Choose two.)
- A. Traffic between interfaces in the same zone is always denied by default.
- B. Security policies control traffic flowing between zones.
- C. A zone is a logical grouping of one or more interfaces.
- D. Each interface must belong to at least two zones simultaneously.
Answer: B,C
Explanation:
Zones logically group interfaces to simplify policy application. Security policies are then used to permit or deny traffic flowing between different zones (or within the same zone, depending on configuration).
NEW QUESTION # 52
You must add a large hierarchical configuration to your Junos device. You also want to completely replace the existing candidate configuration with a new configuration file. Which command would allow you to accomplish these tasks?
- A. load merge terminal
- B. load set terminal
- C. load override terminal
- D. load factory default
Answer: C
Explanation:
The load override terminal command replaces the entire candidate configuration with the new configuration being entered, making it suitable for loading a large hierarchical configuration and discarding the existing one.
NEW QUESTION # 53
What are two attributes of the UDP protocol? (Choose two.)
- A. UDP is more reliable than TCP.
- B. UDP is best effort.
- C. UDP is connectionless.
- D. UDP is always slower than TCP.
Answer: B,C
Explanation:
UDP (User Datagram Protocol) is known for being connectionless (D) and providing best-effort delivery without the reliability mechanisms present in TCP (C). This means that UDP does not establish a connection before sending data and does not guarantee delivery, order, or error checking, making it faster but less reliable than TCP.
NEW QUESTION # 54
Which protocol is used to discover the Layer 2 (MAC) address of a next hop for IPv6 hosts?
- A. NDP
- B. DHCP
- C. ARP
- D. DNS
Answer: A
Explanation:
In the IPv6 protocol suite, the traditional Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) used in IPv4 has been deprecated and replaced by the Neighbor Discovery Protocol (NDP). NDP is a multifaceted protocol built upon the Internet Control Message Protocol version 6 (ICMPv6). Its primary purpose is to allow a host or router to determine the Layer 2 hardware (MAC) address of a neighbor on the same local link when only the neighbor's IPv6 address is known.
This specific process is known as Neighbor Solicitation and Neighbor Advertisement. When a Junos device needs to resolve a MAC address for an IPv6 next hop, it sends a Neighbor Solicitation (ICMPv6 Type 135) message to the solicited-node multicast address. The target host responds with a Neighbor Advertisement (ICMPv6 Type 136) containing its physical MAC address. Beyond address resolution, NDP also handles Router Discovery, Prefix Discovery, and Duplicate Address Detection (DAD). Unlike ARP, which relies on broadcasts that can impact all hosts on a segment, NDP utilizes efficient multicast communication. Understanding NDP is critical for Junos architects, as it is the foundational mechanism that facilitates logical-to-physical address mapping in modern IPv6 environments, ensuring that the Packet Forwarding Engine can properly encapsulate frames for local delivery.
NEW QUESTION # 55
What are two characteristics of IPv6 addressing? (Choose two.)
- A. IPv6 uses ARP to discover neighboring devices.
- B. IPv6 addresses that begin with fe80 are not routable.
- C. The IPv6 header automatically includes a checksum.
- D. The IPv6 address is represented by a 128-bit address.
Answer: B,D
Explanation:
IPv6 introduces several fundamental shifts in networking architecture compared to its predecessor, IPv4. The most prominent characteristic is the address length; IPv6 utilizes a 128-bit address space, represented in hexadecimal notation across eight groups of 16 bits. This massive expansion from IPv4 ' s 32-bit limit was designed to ensure long-term address availability for the global internet and the growing ecosystem of connected devices.
Another defining characteristic of IPv6 is the concept of address scope, particularly regarding link-local addresses . Any IPv6 address beginning with the fe80::/10 prefix is classified as link-local. These addresses are automatically configured on every IPv6-enabled interface and are strictly not routable beyond the local physical or logical link segment. They are essential for local link operations such as neighbor discovery and routing protocol adjacency formation.
Architecturally, IPv6 also improves performance by streamlining the packet header. Unlike IPv4, the IPv6 header does not include a checksum, as modern link-layer (Layer 2) and transport-layer (Layer 4) protocols perform their own error checking, making a redundant header checksum unnecessary at the network layer.
Additionally, IPv6 replaces the broadcast-based Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) with the multicast-based Neighbor Discovery Protocol (NDP). Understanding these core traits-massive address length and non- routable link-local scoping-is critical for managing modern Junos-based network infrastructures.
Reference: Networking Fundamentals, IPv6 Addressing and Characteristics.
NEW QUESTION # 56
You are using the factory default configuration on a new Juniper router. You must successfully commit the configuration and activate the device. Which component must be configured before Junos OS will allow you to accomplish this task?
- A. a management IP address on the fxp0 interface
- B. a root-authentication password
- C. at least one logical interface with family inet enabled
- D. a system hostname
Answer: B
Explanation:
Junos OS requires a root-authentication password to be configured before allowing a commit, ensuring secure administrative access to the device.
NEW QUESTION # 57
Referring to the exhibit, where are the configuration backup files stored?
- A. Files are stored to the SCP site but if the transfer fails, then to the FTP site.
- B. Files are stored to the SCP site and the FTP site in a round-robin manner.
- C. Files are stored to the SCP site and the FTP site simultaneously.
- D. Files are stored to any site as selected by Junos internally.
Answer: A
Explanation:
If you specify more than one archive site, the device attempts to transfer files to the first archive site in the list, moving to the next site only if the transfer fails.
NEW QUESTION # 58
What are two link-state routing protocols? (Choose two.)
- A. IS-IS
- B. OSPF
- C. RIP
- D. BGP
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
Link-state routing protocols are a type of routing protocol used in packet-switching networks for finding the best path between source and destination. OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) and IS-IS (Intermediate System to Intermediate System) are both examples of link-state routing protocols.
They work by maintaining a complete map or topology of the network, allowing routers to independently calculate the best path to each destination. Unlike distance-vector protocols like RIP, link-state protocols are more efficient and scalable, making them suitable for larger networks.
NEW QUESTION # 59
Click the Exhibit button.
Referring to the exhibit, what is the next hop for IP address 10.0.0.9?
- A. 192.168.0.1
- B. 192.168.2.1
- C. 192.168.3.1
- D. 192.168.1.1
Answer: B
Explanation:
Routers use longest prefix match to select the next hop. The address 10.0.0.9 matches the most specific route shown, which is 10.0.0.8/27, so traffic is forwarded to 192.168.2.1.
NEW QUESTION # 60
A security policy requires that a user account be created for auditing purposes. This user should only view configuration and operational data without making any changes. Which predefined login class would satisfy this requirement?
- A. super-user
- B. read-only
- C. unauthorized
- D. operator
Answer: B
Explanation:
Junos OS provides several predefined login classes to implement Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) efficiently. For an auditor who needs to verify the current state of the device without the risk of altering it, the read-only class is the ideal choice.
The read-only class allows a user to log in and execute show commands to view the running configuration and operational statistics. However, it strictly prohibits the user from entering configuration mode (using the configure command) or executing any " impactful " operational commands that could reset counters, clear log files, or affect traffic flow.
It is important to distinguish this from the operator class. While the operator class also cannot change the configuration, it does have permissions to clear interface statistics, reset routing protocol neighbors, and perform other " clear " or " reset " actions. For a pure auditing role where even resetting a counter would be considered a breach of policy, read-only provides the necessary " look but don ' t touch " environment. The super-user class, conversely, has full unrestricted access, and unauthorized is not a standard functional class.
Using the read-only class ensures compliance with security best practices by granting the minimum necessary privileges required for the auditing task.
Reference: User Interfaces, Predefined Login Classes, Access Control.
NEW QUESTION # 61
In Junos OS, what is the function of the candidate configuration database compared to the active configuration database in system operations?
- A. Controls packet forwarding
- B. Holds pending configuration changes
- C. Maintains routing tables
- D. Stores logs
Answer: B
Explanation:
The candidate configuration is a working area where administrators make changes before committing them. The active configuration is the one currently running. This separation allows safe editing, validation, and rollback, reducing the risk of misconfiguration affecting live traffic.
NEW QUESTION # 62
Referring to the exhibit, which route will be selected for a packet destined to IP address
10.50.10.55?
- A. Route 10.50.0.0/16 will be selected using next hop 192.168.1.10 because OSPF has a better preference value than BGP.
- B. Route 10.0.0.0/8 will be selected using next hop 192.168.1.1 because it was learned from the static routing protocol which has the lowest preference value.
- C. Route 0.0.0.0/0 will be selected using next hop 203.0.113.1 because the default route matches all destinations and has been active the longest.
- D. Route 10.50.10.0/24 will be selected using next hop 192.168.1.20 because it has the longest prefix match for the destination address.
Answer: D
Explanation:
In Junos OS, the Routing Information Base (RIB) selection process follows a strict hierarchy where the Longest Prefix Match (LPM) is the absolute primary tie-breaker. When a packet is destined for 10.50.10.55, the Routing Engine searches the inet.0 table for all matching entries. In this exhibit, four routes match: the default route (0.0.0.0/0), a general static route (10.0.0.0/8), an OSPF route (10.50.0.0/16), and a BGP route (10.50.10.0/24).
The LPM rule dictates that the router must select the most specific route available, which is defined as the entry with the highest number of matching bits in the subnet mask. The
10.50.10.0/24 route matches 24 bits of the destination address, making it more specific than the
16-bit, 8-bit, or 0-bit alternatives. It is critical to understand that route preference (e.g., Static at 5, OSPF at 10, or BGP at 170) is only evaluated if there are multiple paths to the exact same prefix and length. Because these prefixes vary in length, the length takes precedence over the protocol preference. Therefore, the BGP-learned route via 192.168.1.20 is selected as the active path, ensuring traffic follows the most granular routing information provided to the device.
NEW QUESTION # 63
You want to find out the chassis serial number of a Junos device. Which command would display this information?
- A. show chassis hardware
- B. show chassis environment
- C. show chassis location
- D. show chassis routing-engine
Answer: A
Explanation:
The show chassis hardware command in Junos OS displays detailed information about the hardware installed in the device, including the chassis itself. This command provides a list of all hardware components, their serial numbers, part numbers, and version information. When looking for the chassis serial number specifically, this command is the most direct and comprehensive way to retrieve that information, as it includes the serial number of the chassis among the details provided.
NEW QUESTION # 64
What is the primary purpose of an IPv6 link-local address?
- A. to enable communication between devices on the same segment
- B. to assign a unique address for multicast traffic
- C. to replace the default gateway in IPv6 networks
- D. to provide Layer 2 connectivity
Answer: A
Explanation:
IPv6 link-local addresses, which are identified by the fe80::/10 prefix, are a mandatory component of the IPv6 architecture. The primary purpose of a link-local address is to enable immediate communication between devices located on the same local network segment (the same "link") without the requirement for a global unicast address or an external routing infrastructure. These addresses are non-routable, meaning they are never forwarded by a router to another network segment.
Every IPv6-enabled interface on a Junos device automatically generates a link-local address, typically derived from the interface's MAC address using the EUI-64 format or a stable privacy algorithm. These addresses are essential for several core functions: they are used by the Neighbor Discovery Protocol (NDP) to resolve MAC addresses, they serve as the source address for routing protocol adjacency formation (such as OSPFv3 or RIPng), and they are frequently used as the next-hop address in IPv6 routing tables. While they do not provide Layer 2 connectivity themselves (which is the role of the MAC address), they provide the necessary Layer
3 link-level presence required for nodes to discover one another and communicate across the physical medium before any global addressing is configured.
NEW QUESTION # 65
You want to automatically back up your Junos device configuration to an external server every time you commit a configuration change. In this scenario, which command would accomplish this task?
- A. set system archival configuration archive-sites
- B. set system archival configuration transfer-on-commit
- C. set system commit synchronize
- D. set system archival configuration transfer-interval
Answer: B
Explanation:
Junos OS provides robust automation features for configuration management, specifically through the system archival utility. When an administrator needs to ensure that every successful configuration change is mirrored to an off-box repository for disaster recovery or auditing, the transfer-on-commit statement is the appropriate tool. This command instructs the Junos device to initiate an automated upload process immediately following the validation and activation of a commit command.
To fully implement this, the administrator must also define the archive-sites, which specify the destination URIs (using protocols such as FTP, SCP, or HTTP) and the necessary credentials for the external server.
While transfer-interval can be used to back up configurations on a chronological schedule (e.g., every 60 minutes), transfer-on-commit is superior for tracking specific change events as they happen. This ensures that the external backup is always synchronized with the current active configuration on the device. Once configured, the device handles the background transfer, allowing the administrator to maintain a historical record of configuration states without manual intervention, which is essential for large-scale operational environments.
Reference: Configuration Basics, Managing Configurations, System Archival.
NEW QUESTION # 66
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